How cellular, acellular and matrix-like products (formerly known as CTPs) improve wound care
The use of cellular, acellular and matrix-like products (CAMPs) in wound care offers several advantages. These products provide a biologically active and supportive environment for wound healing, addressing the underlying causes of delayed or impaired healing. CAMPs also enhance the body's natural healing processes. They can be used in combination with other wound care modalities to improve healing and potentially reduce the need for more invasive procedures.
But what are they — and what exactly are the advantages and challenges they represent?
CAMPS explained
Currently, the biomaterials available for wound closure are commonly referred to as cellular and/or tissue-based products (CTPs) and most recently as CAMPS.
CAMPS are a category of therapeutic products used in wound care to promote healing and tissue regeneration. These products are designed to address the complex needs of chronic or difficult-to-heal wounds by providing a supportive environment for tissue repair.
Cellular products: In wound care, these refer to products that contain viable or non-viable cells. These cells can be derived from various sources, such as blood, bone marrow, adipose tissue, or umbilical cord blood. Cellular products are typically prepared by isolating and processing the cells to enhance their therapeutic properties.
Advantages: When applied to the wound bed, these cells release growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive molecules that stimulate tissue regeneration and wound healing. Cellular products have shown promising results in promoting wound closure, reducing inflammation, and improving tissue quality in chronic and non-healing wounds.
Acellular products: They are derived from human or animal tissues but do not contain living cells. These products are processed to remove cellular components while retaining the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its associated bioactive molecules. The ECM provides a structural framework that supports cell migration, angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) and the deposition of new ECM components.
Advantages: Acellular products serve as a scaffold for tissue regeneration and wound healing. They can be derived from various tissues, such as skin, amniotic membrane or cartilage. Acellular products have been used successfully in the treatment of chronic wounds, burns and surgical wounds.
Matrix-like products: A subset of acellular products, they mimic the natural extracellular matrix. These products are designed to provide a biomimetic environment that closely resembles the native tissue. Matrix-like products can be derived from natural sources, such as porcine or bovine tissues, or produced synthetically using bioengineering techniques. They contain ECM components, such as collagen and hyaluronic acid, along with other bioactive molecules.
Advantages: Matrix-like products promote cell adhesion, migration and proliferation, facilitating tissue repair and regeneration. They have been used in various wound care applications, including chronic wounds, diabetic ulcers and skin grafts.
The challenges
It is worth noting that reimbursement policies and coverage for cellular, acellular and matrix-like products can vary significantly. These variations can have an impact on patient access to these advanced wound care treatments. Access to CAMPs may be influenced by factors such as insurance coverage, healthcare provider preferences/location and regional guidelines. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare providers and patients to be aware of the reimbursement landscape and work together to explore treatment options that align with the individual's needs and circumstances.
Overall, CAMPS in wound care represent a significant advancement in the field and provide innovative therapeutic options for chronic and difficult-to-heal wounds. By creating a biologically active environment, these products contribute to improved patient outcomes and quality of life.